hard的经典引文是：The infantry: hard, bare feet rhythmically kicking up the dust.出自：E. Waugh。hard的词语用法是adj.(形容词)hard作“困难的”解时,指要消耗很大的体力去做某事,有时也指精神上的困难。hard的意思是adj.硬的；困难的；棘手的；坚强的；残酷的；用力的；液态的；严寒的；确凿的；adv.努力地；强烈地；严重地；坚定地。
一、详尽释义点此查看hard的详细内容
二、双解释义
三、词典解释
1.硬的;坚硬的;坚固的
Something that ishard is very firm and stiff to touch and is not easily bent, cut, or broken.
e.g. He shuffled his feet on thehard wooden floor...
他拖着脚在硬木地板上走动。
e.g. Something cold andhard pressed into the back of his neck.
一个冰冷梆硬的东西顶在了他的脖梗儿上。
2.难做的;困难的
Something that ishard is very difficult to do or deal with.
e.g. It'shard to tell what effect this latest move will have...
很难说最近这次行动会有什么结果。
e.g. She found ithard to accept some of the criticisms directed towards her and her work...
她发现某些针对自己和自己工作的批评意见很难接受。
3.努力地;使劲地
If you workhard doing something, you are very active or work intensely, with a lot of effort.
hard的意思
e.g. I'll workhard. I don't want to let him down...
我会努力工作，我不想让他失望。
e.g. Am I trying toohard?
我是不是努力过头了？
4.累人的;费力的;费劲的
Hard work involves a lot of activity and effort.
e.g. Coping with three babies is veryhard work...
照顾3个宝宝是非常累人的活儿。
e.g. ...ahard day's work...
一天的辛苦工作
5.仔细地;认真地
If you look, listen, or thinkhard, you do it carefully and with a great deal of attention.
e.g. He looked at mehard...
他使劲盯着我看。
e.g. You had to listenhard to hear the old man breathe...
你要仔细听才能听见老人的呼吸声。
6.猛力地;用力地
If you strike or take hold of somethinghard, you strike or take hold of it with a lot of force.
e.g. I kicked a dustbin veryhard and broke my toe.
我狠狠地踢了一脚垃圾箱，结果脚趾骨折了。
7.强烈地;猛烈的;长时间地
You can usehard to indicate that something happens intensely and for a long time.
e.g. I've never seen Terry laugh sohard...
我从未见过特里如此放声大笑。
e.g. It was snowinghard by then.
当时雪下得很大。
8.冷酷无情的;心肠硬的
If a person or their expression ishard, they show no kindness or sympathy.
e.g. His father was ahard man...
他的父亲是个冷酷无情的人。
e.g. Kate realized that the previoushard look on Maggie's face had been a mask.
凯特意识到玛吉原先的那副冷酷表情其实是装出来的。
9.苛刻的;严厉的;不友善的
If you arehard on someone, you treat them severely or unkindly.
e.g. Don't be sohard on him.
别对他太苛刻了。
10.有害的;不利的
If you say that something ishard on a person or thing, you mean it affects them in a way that is likely to cause them damage or suffering.
hard
e.g. The grey light washard on the eyes...
光线暗淡对眼睛不利。
e.g. These last four years have beenhard on them.
过去的这四年里他们吃了不少苦。
11.（生活、一段日子）艰难的，艰苦的
If you have ahard life or ahard period of time, your life or that period is difficult and unpleasant for you.
e.g. It had been ahard life for her...
对她而言，那是一段非常艰苦的生活。
e.g. Those werehard times.
那些岁月是非常艰难的。
12.非常寒冷的;凛冽的
Ahard winter or ahard frost is a very cold one.
e.g. ...a prolonged period ofhard frost...
漫长的强霜冻期
e.g. I am expecting a long,hard winter.
我估计冬天会漫长而寒冷。
13.（颜色）刺目的，晃眼的;（声音）刺耳的，难听的
Hard colours or sounds are harsh or bright and unpleasant to see or hear.
e.g. The sea was ahard blue.
大海呈一片耀眼的蓝色。
14.（证据、资料）可靠的，确凿的
Hard evidence or facts are definitely true and do not need to be questioned.
e.g. He wanted morehard evidence...
他想要更多确凿的证据。
e.g. There are probably fewerhard facts about the life of Henry Purcell than that of any other great composer since the Renaissance.
有关亨利·普赛尔生平的可靠资料可能比任何其他文艺复兴以来的伟大作曲家都要少。
15.（水质）硬的（指含钙化合物较多）
Hard water contains a lot of calcium compounds that stop soap making bubbles and sometimes appear as a deposit in kettles and baths.
16.（毒品）毒性强的，烈性的
Hard drugs are very strong illegal drugs such as heroin or cocaine.
17.（语音）发硬音的
In phonetics, ahard sound is one such as 'c' or 'g' as pronounced in the words 'cat' or 'give', and not as in the words 'cinema' or 'general'.
18.离…很近的
If one thing ishard by another, it is very close to it.
e.g. Paradise Street was a short, crowded street near the railway station andhard by the factory.
天堂街是火车站附近一条拥挤的小街道，离该工厂很近。
19.受到不公平待遇的;委屈的
If you feelhard done by, you feel that you have not been treated fairly.
e.g. The hall porter was feelinghard done by at having to extend his shift.
酒店行李搬运工因为被迫延长当班时间而愤愤不平。
20.困难的;艰难的
If you say that something ishard going, you mean it is difficult and requires a lot of effort.
e.g. The talks had beenhard going at the start.
会谈从一开始就举步维艰。
21.受到沉重打击的;受严重影响的
To behard hit by something means to be affected very severely by it.
e.g. California's been particularlyhard hit by the recession.
加利福尼亚受经济衰退的影响尤为严重。
22.佯装不感兴趣;故意摆谱
If someoneplays hard to get, they pretend not to be interested in another person or in what someone is trying to persuade them to do.
e.g. I wanted her and she was playinghard to get.
我想得到她，但她却故意装出不感兴趣的样子。
23.十分困难的;处于困境的
If someone ishard put to do something or, in British English if they arehard pushed to do something, they have great difficulty doing it.
e.g. Mr Morton is undoubtedly cleverer than Mr Kirkby, but he will behard put to match his popularity.
莫顿先生无疑比柯克比先生更聪明，但他将很难像柯克比先生那样受人欢迎。
24.为…而非常苦恼（或难受）；因…而沮丧
If youtake somethinghard, you are very upset or depressed by it.
e.g. Maybe I just took it toohard.
可能我真的对此事太过耿耿于怀。
四、例句
The ground is as hard as stone after the long drought.
长期干旱之后,土地硬得就像石头一样。
It's very hard to maintain a relationship.
要维持一段关系,是很困难的。
It's very hard on parents when their children are rebellious.
对父母来说,孩子叛逆是个很棘手的问题。
He likes to pretend he is hard, but he is really soft underneath.
他喜欢故作坚强,但是他内心真的很脆弱。
She has really good looks but a hard heart.
她确实长得漂亮,可是却有一颗残酷的心。
He gave the door a hard shove and it opened.
他猛地一推门,门开了。
I don't want to go out in such hard weather.
我不想在这么冷的天气里出门。
We need some hard evidence to support our claim.
我们需要一些确凿的证据来支持我们的主张。
Most importantly, you must work hard to catch up.
最为重要的是,你必须努力学习,迎头赶上。
The senator was hard opposed by her rivals on the issue of social welfare.
那名参议员在社会福利问题上遭到对手强烈的反对。
Small businesses in particular were hit hard by the recession.
尤其是一些小企业在经济萧条中遭受了严重的打击。
You need to keep moving ahead hard and confidently.
你要坚定而充满信心地走下去。
五、常用短语
The farmers were hard hit by the bad weather.
恶劣的天气使农民受到沉重打击。
Television has hit the cinema industry very hard.
电视的出现沉重地打击了电影业。
When their child died they took it very hard.
孩子死的时候他们痛苦不堪。
He failed his examination, and he's taking it very hard.
他考试不及格,因此非常难受。
六、词汇搭配
七、常见错误
误 I am hard to solve this problem.
正 I find this problem hard to solve.
析 hard作“困难”解时,不能用于人称结构。
hard的相关近义词
fierce、forceful、heavy、intense、powerful、severe、strong、violent、difficult、exacting、tough、troublesome、complex、involved、diligent、earnest、enterprising、vigorous、disagreeable、distressing、harsh、oppressive、rough、brutal、stern、strict、furiously、intently、steadily、heavily、powerfully、strongly
hard的相关反义词
easy、flexible、light、mild、weak、simple、effortlessly、lightly、mildly、softly、weakly
hard的相关临近词
hardcore、harbour、Harde、Hardt、Harda、Hardi、hards、Hardel、Hardey、Hardek、Hardee、Hardoy