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热心网友 时间:2024-10-01 01:39
专升本英语中的状语从句
状语从句在英语中扮演着关键角色,用于表达时间、地点、条件、原因、目的、结果、行为方式、比较、让步等。它们增强了句子的表达力,使语言更为丰富和细腻。
1. 时间状语从句:使用连词如 when(当...时)、whenever(无论何时)、before(在...之前)、after(在...之后)、while(在...时)、as(当...时)、once(一但)、until(直到...时)、ever since(自从...以来)、as soon as(一...就...)。
2. 地点状语从句:通过连词 where(在...地方)和 wherever(无论在哪)。
3. 条件状语从句:使用 if(如果)、unless(除非)、as/since long as(只要)、in case(万一)等。
4. 原因状语从句:借助 because(因为)、as(由于)、since(由于)、now that(既然)、that等。
专升本英语—倒装句
倒装句指的是将主语和谓语的位置颠倒,形成一种特殊的语序。倒装句分为全倒装和半倒装。
全倒装句的条件为:谓语动词是单个动词,仅限于一般现在时或一般过去时,且主语只能是名词。例如:Here comes the bus.(汽车来了)
半倒装句则将助动词(do/does/did, have/has/had)或情态动词放在主语之前。例如:Never do we produce water.(我们从不生产水)
【完全倒装的几种情况】
(1) 当here或there位于句首时,用于表示地点。例如:Here comes the bus.(汽车来了)注意:谓语动词come和go不能用进行时态。
(2) 当away、down等副词位于句首时,表示动态的不及物动词。例如:Away went the runners.(赛跑选手们跑远了)
(3) 状语或表语置于句首时,为了保持句子平衡。例如:Among these people is his friend Jim.(他的朋友吉姆就在这些人当中)注意:表语与主语保持一致,而不是与表语保持一致。
(4) 分词或不定式置于句首时,强调句子的某个部分。例如:Standing beside the table is his wife.(站在桌旁的是他的妻子)
部分倒装的情况包括:
(1) 一般疑问句、选择疑问句、反意问句要求部分倒装。例如:Has he finished his work? / It's a lovely day, isn't it?
(2) 特殊疑问词不作主语或不作主语的定语的特殊疑问句要求部分倒装。例如:When did you go there? / Which do you like best?
(3) only修饰动词、介词短语、状语从句,并置于句首时,主句部分倒装。例如:Only when the rain stopped did the match start again.注意:“only+名词/代词”置于句首不要倒装。
(4) 含有否定意义的副词,如 not, never, neither, nor, seldom, hardly, little 等置于句首时,要求部分倒装。例如:Hardly can I believe that. / Never has he been to the Great Wall. / Seldom do I write to you.
(5) "not only... but also..." 连接两个分句,not only置于句首,其引导部分倒装,但but also部分不要倒装。例如:Not only should we study science, but also we should pay attention to politics.注意:若not only... but also... 连接两个主语,句子不要倒装。
(6) "not until..." 引起的短语或引导从句置于句首时,主句部分倒装。例如:Not until he was did he go to school. / Not until yesterday did I realize what trouble he was in.
(7) "hardly... when...","no sooner... than..." 句型中,若hardly, no sooner位于句首时,主句部分倒装。例如:Hardly had I entered the room when the phone rang. / No sooner had he finished his talk than he was surrounded by the workers.
(8) so表示“也”、“同样”意,位于句首时,其后要部分倒装。例如:You can swim, so can I. / If you go, so will I.
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